英字新聞を読むには各単語の形式を知ることが大事！
英語を勉強し始めたばかりの段階だと、教材と違って英字新聞を読むのはかなり難しいと思います。それぞれの新聞が独自の書き方をもっていたりもするので。なので、僕が補足をつけながら、英字新聞を読むのお手伝いしようと思います。教材の文法には慣れたけど英字新聞はまだ苦手という、初級ー中級あたりの人用の解説です。
何回も言いますが、新聞を読むためには各々の単語が名詞（noun）なのか、形容詞（adjective）なのか、副詞（adverb）なのかがめちゃくちゃ大事になってきます！文法はほんっっっっっっとうに大事です！！！一緒に一つずつやっていきましょう！僕の勉強がわりにもなっているので、僕が知っていることは飛ばしていたりします。なので、何かわからないことがあれば気軽にコメントください。できるだけ答えます！よろしくお願いします 😉
全文はこちらをクリック！↓
まずはざっと読んでみてください。難易度は★★★★☆です！
読み終わったら、下の単語の解説と照らし合わせながら読んでいってみてください！よろしくです 😉
それでは英字新聞 読解スタートです！
Houses ripped to shreds, power lines toppled, and 15 people dead: How Hurricane Maria left Dominica looking like an apocalyptic wasteland
power lineで、電力線です。
tear/rip to shreds
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to strongly criticize a person or something they do, think, or say “ と” to damage someone or something badly: “というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
The critics tore his performance to shreds.
Her second novel was ripped to shreds by the critics.
My trousers were torn to shreds when I fell off my bike.
The intruders had torn the house to shreds.
To topple (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to (cause to) lose balance and fall down: “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
The statue of the dictator was toppled (over) by the crowds.
The tree toppled and fell.
A large tree was toppled by the wind.
apocalyptic (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” showing or describing the total destruction and end of the world, or extremely bad future events “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
apocalyptic visions of a nuclear confrontation
apocalyptic warnings about our destruction of the environment
wasteland (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” an area of land that is empty or cannot be used “ と ” an area, situation, or time that has no interesting features “ 記載されていますね。
例文：
This town is a cultural wasteland.
The car was dumped in a stretch of wasteland in the south of the city.
Rain forests are being transformed into barren wasteland.
Television is a vast wasteland.
・Devastation on island of Dominica laid bare after it was ripped apart by 160mph winds from Hurricane Maria
・Trees have been stripped bare, houses torn to pieces, and cars smashed into the road by the powerful storm
・Aerial views show barely an inch of the island, which has a population of 73,000, has escaped unscathed
・Hurricane Maria is still swirling in the Atlantic having struck Puerto Rico, leaving it without any power
Devastation (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” damage or destruction affecting a large area or a lot of people ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The tornado has already left a trail of devastation through four states from Nebraska to Missouri.
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
To devastation (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to seriously damage or completely destroy something ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Western India was devastated by a huge earthquake.
The town was devastated by a hurricane in 1928.
lay bare
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to make something known: ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
All the facts of the investigation are finally being laid bare.
It’s been promoted as the biography that lays bare the truth behind the legend.
rip apart (phrasal verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to destroy something completely ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The explosion ripped the bus apart.
To strip (adverb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると ” to remove something that covers something ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
We spent the weekend stripping wallpaper.
The wind had stripped the leaves from the trees.
Because of the pollution, the trees are almost completely stripped of bark.
The paintwork was so bad that we decided to strip off all the paint and start again.
During the summer months, the sheep strip the mountains bare.
bare (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” bare trees or areas of land have nothing growing on them ” というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
bare rock
the tree’s bare branches
aerial (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” in or from the air, especially from an aircraft: ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
aerial photography
an aerial photo/picture/view
barely (adverb)
Macmillan Dictionaryの３つ目の意味によると” used for emphasizing how small an amount is ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
He’s barely 12 years old.
They had travelled barely a third of the way.
unscathed (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” without injuries or damage being caused “と記載されていますね。
例文：
Her husband died in the accident but she, amazingly, escaped unscathed.
I came away from the accident unscathed, but the car got badly damaged.
The government has emerged from this latest crisis relatively unscathed.
To swirl (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to (cause to) move quickly with a twisting, circular movement “というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
Swirl a little oil around the frying pan.
The fog swirled thickly around us.
Snowflakes were swirling all around us.
John swirled the ice around in the bottom of his glass.
The post-apocalyptic destruction on Dominica has been laid bare in an exclusive set of pictures after the island was ravaged by Hurricane Maria.
ここのexclusive は only a select number です。
Houses have been torn to pieces, trees stripped bare and a car slammed into a road by falling debris after 160mph winds ripped through the Caribbean paradise to pieces and turned it into a nightmare leaving 15 dead.
In photographs taken on the ground, bewildered Dominicans can be seen wandering amid the wreckage of their homes. Buildings are completely destroyed, while a plume of black smoke curls into the air on the horizon.
To ravage (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to cause great damage to something ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The area has been ravaged by drought/floods/war.
Hurricane Mitch ravaged the tiny Central American country.
To slam (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to put, move, or hit something against or onto a surface with great force ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The truck slammed into an oncoming car.
The wind made the door/window slam (shut).
Close the door carefully, don’t slam it.
He slammed the groceries down on the table.
debris (noun)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” broken or torn pieces left from the destruction of something larger ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Debris from the aircraft was scattered over a large area.
After the tornado, debris from damaged trees and houses littered the town.
rip through (phrasal verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” if something such as a fire, storm, or bomb rips through a place, it damages or destroys the place very quickly ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The explosion ripped through her home.
The explosion ripped through the hotel.
A hurricane ripped through the Caribbean.
bewildered (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” confused and uncertain: “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
Many of the refugees looked bewildered and frightened.
He sat up in bed, bewildered, unsure of where he was.
wreckage (noun)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” a badly damaged object or the separated parts of a badly damaged object ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The pilot was trapped in the wreckage for almost seven hours.
Two children were trapped in the wreckage.
The wreckage of the car was scattered over the roadside.
plume (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a long narrow cloud of dust, smoke etc that moves upwards “という風に記載されていますね。
例文：
There was a loud explosion, followed by a plume of thick black smoke.
A black plume of smoke rose from the ship.
After the explosion, a plume of smoke could be seen in the sky for miles around.
To curl (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to move in a curving or twisting way ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Smoke curled from tall chimneys.
他の意味も使えそうなのでメモ：
“to curve upwards or downwards at the edges”
The pages had begun to turn yellowand curl.
“to show by an upward movement of one side of your mouth that you feel no respect for something or someone:”
Her lip curled at what he said.
She curled her lip in disgust at the suggestion.
A set of aerial photographs further illustrates the scale of the devastation suffered by the island, which has been under total communications blackout since the storm.
The pictures show row upon row of ruined houses with debris strewn all around. Entire forests have been stripped bare by the winds, and not a dwelling appears unscathed.
Although Dominica has a population of 73,000 people, the phone lines, internet and electricity are down, meaning that almost no news or pictures have emerged from the country since Maria struck.
Dominica is known as the ‘Island of 365 rivers’ on account of its numerous bodies of water that flow down the mountainous terrain of the island.
row upon row
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a series of people or things arranged in a straight line ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
She could see row upon row of people waiting to be served.
a row of houses/shops/chairs
To strew (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to scatter things over a surface ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
One room was strewn with children’s toys.
Wine bottles and dirty dishes were strewn across the lawn.
Her clothes lay strewn on the floor.
The park was strewn with litter after the concert.
dwelling (noun)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると ” a house or place to live in ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
There is an estimated shortfall of some five million dwellings across the country.
on account of
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” because of someone or something ” というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
She can’t work much on account of the children.
He doesn’t drink alcohol on account of his poor health.
body of water
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” A body of water is a large area of water, such as a lake. ” と記載されていますね。
To flow (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” if a liquid flows, it moves smoothly and continuously in one direction ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Lava from the volcano was flowing down the hillside.
Hot water flows through the pipes.
Many rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.
mountainous (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” having a lot of mountains “と記載されていますね。
例文：
a mountainous region
mountainous terrain
terrain (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” an area of land, usually one that has a particular physical feature “というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
familiar/hilly/mountainous terrain
rugged mountain terrain
The car handles particularly well on rough terrain.
This, however, has left the territory prone to mudslides which have contributed to the mounting death toll. At least seven people have been confirmed killed by the hurricane, and that number is expected to rise dramatically.
Hartley Henry, an adviser to the prime minister, Roosevelt Skerrit, said there had been a ‘tremendous loss of housing and public buildings’.
Henry said that he had spoken to Skerrit – whose residence was destroyed by the hurricane, forcing his rescue – on a satellite phone. ‘He and family are fine. Dominica is not,’ he said.
‘The main general hospital took a beating. Patient care has been compromised. Many buildings serving as shelters lost roofs, which means that a very urgent need now is tarpaulins and other roofing materials.
be prone to (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” likely to do something or be affected by something, especially something bad ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The coastal region is prone to earthquakes.
He’s prone to gain weight.
This stretch of road is prone to foggy patches.
I‘ve always been prone to headaches.
As a child, he was prone to ear infections.
mounting (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” gradually increasing: ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
There’s been mounting international criticism of the move.
mounting anxiety/excitement
mounting anger/costs/debts
tremendous (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” very great in amount or level, or extremely good ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
They were making a tremendous amount of noise last night.
She is under tremendous pressure at work.
We have a tremendous amount of work to get through.
I have tremendous respect for my parents.
residence (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a house or other place where someone lives, especially a large house used by an important person ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
the President’s official residence
The building is partly a museum and partly a private residence.
take a beating
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to be damaged because of performing badly or being criticized “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
Property firms have taken a beating on the stock market.
This chair has taken a beating over the years (= been used often and damaged).
To compromise (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to solve a problem or end an argument by accepting that you cannot have everything that you want ” と “to risk harming or losing something important” というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
Well, you want $400 and I say $300, so let’s compromise at/on $350.
Don’t compromise your beliefs/principles for the sake of being accepted.
We would never compromise the safety of our passengers.
urgent (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” urgent things are things that you need to deal with immediately “という風に記載されていますね。
例文：
The problem is becoming increasingly urgent.
The most urgent thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building.
The refugees are in urgent need of food.
Many people are in urgent need of food and water.
tarpaulin (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a large piece of thick plastic or other material that you put over something to protect it from rain ” と記載されています。
‘It’s difficult to determine the level of fatalities, but so far seven are confirmed as a direct result of the hurricane. That figure, the prime minister fears, will rise as he wades his way into the rural communities.’
A Canadian citizen stuck on the island said: ‘We have no idea what’s happening. We’ve been going to immigration. We chase every helicopter that lands!… We’ve been hiding in our house because people say at night people will try to rob houses.’
The woman added: ‘We have to loot stores for food and water… We’ve had to hide our stuff around our house. No power or water. It’s getting dangerous at this point.’
She added: ‘People walk around with machete knives, it’s crazy.’
Dominica was among the Caribbean Islands worst affected by the hurricanes, destroying the house of prime minister Roosevelt Skerrit, who had to be rescued.
The 44-year-old, who has led the country since 2004, said he had been at the ‘complete mercy of the hurricane’ which he described as ‘rough, rough, rough’ before making it to safety.
He later warned the island of 72,000 people has lost ‘all that money can buy’, adding on Facebook: ‘My greatest fear for the morning is that we will wake to news of serious physical injury and possible deaths as a result of likely landslides triggered by persistent rains.’
wake to とwake up は to stop sleepingという同じ意味を持ちます。
違いに関してですが、Wake up はyou wake up and something is waiting、Wake toは wake up because something is what makes you wake up です。
To determine (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to discover the facts or truth about something ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The police never actually determined the cause of death.
It is the responsibility of the court to determine whether these men are innocent.
I can’t determine why your phone isn’t working.
The investigation determined that the death was accidental.
fatality (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a death caused by an accident, war, violence, or disease ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
There are thousands of traffic fatalities (= deaths in traffic accidents) every year.
The first fatalities of the war were civilians.
As well as the 13 fatalities, 17 people were injured.
To wade (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to walk in or through water or other liquid that is not very deep ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
She waded across the stream to get the ball.
The river was full but we managed to wade across.
We waded a shallow river.
They had to wade through a swamp.
We rolled up our trousers and waded at the edge of the lake.
immigration (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” the place, for example at an airport, where you show your passport and are officially allowed into a country. You go through immigration when you do this.“ と記載されていますね。
例文：
After you’ve been through immigration (control), you can go and get your luggage.
To loot (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to steal things from houses or shops during a war or after a disaster such as a fire or flood“ というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
Burglars looted cash and mobiles from a shop in Tagore Town.
Riot police were sent to prevent the mob from looting.
at the mercy of
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” in a situation that is controlled by someone or something with the power to harm you “という風に記載されていますね。
例文：
Workers are entirely at the mercy of dishonest employers.
Poor people are increasingly at the mercy of money-lenders.
Fishermen are always at the mercy of the forces of nature .
persistent (adjective)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of “と ” Someone who is persistent continues doing something or tries to do something in a determined but often unreasonable way “ いう風に記載されていますね。
例文：
a persistent smell/skin rash
Be persistent – don’t give up.
She is a persistent offender and has been arrested five times this year for shoplifting.
Photos from elsewhere on the island show gas stations have been destroyed, hampering repair efforts as machines that could have helped lie idle or damaged.
Elsewhere the streets are littered with branches torn from trees that have been stripped of their bark by the sheer force of the storm.
Trees lie scattered around having been torn out of the ground, mirroring the power lines that have been toppled into the streets, cutting electricity from thousands of homes.
On the nearby island of Puerto Rico, Maria left the entire island without power, as officials warned that it could be out for months while they try to repair the damage.
The true extent of the devastation is still not known as the government has not been able to conduct a fly-over of the island to assess the scale of the damage.
While Maria had dropped to a Category 2 storm after becoming the strongest hurricane to hit Puerto Rico in 100 years, it strengthened to a Category 3 on Wednesday as it neared the Dominican Republic.
Maria was expected to pick up strength as it churns toward the Turks and Caicos Islands and the southeastern Bahamas later on Thursday. Storm surges on the islands could be as high as 12 feet
Maria would then move north in the Atlantic Ocean over the weekend and there was no indication as to whether it would hit the continental United States.
elsewhere (adverb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” in or to another place or other places ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The report looks at economic growth in Europe and elsewhere.
They couldn’t find what they wanted and decided to look elsewhere.
It’s hot and sunny on the coast but not elsewhere.
To hamper (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to prevent someone doing something easily ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Fierce storms have been hampering rescue efforts and there is now little chance of finding more survivors.
The search was hampered by heavy snowfall.
idle (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” machines or factories that are idle are not being used ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
Valuable machinery is left to lie idle for long periods.
Half these factories now stand idle.
idle factories
The machines are standing idle because there are no spare parts.
It’s crazy to have £7,000 sitting idle in the bank.
To litter (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to spread across an area or place untidily “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
The park was littered with bottles and cans after the concert.
Dirty clothes littered the floor of her bedroom.
Paper cups littered the ground.
The room was littered with broken glass.
bark (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると“the hard substance that covers a tree “ というふうに記載されていますね。
sheer (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” used for emphasizing the amount or degree of something “という風に記載されていますね。
例文：
Maya succeeded through sheer hard work.
We were overwhelmed by the sheer volume of work.
The suggestion is sheer nonsense.
It was sheer chance that we met.
scattered (adjective)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” spread over a large area “ いう風に記載されていますね。
例文：
My relatives are scattered all over the country.
Papers were scattered all over her desk.
She gathered up the newspapers that were scattered around the floor.
Toys and books were scattered about/around the room.
extent (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” the size and importance of a problem or situation ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
We were shocked by the extent of the damage.
The government underestimated the extent of the contamination.
We didn’t know the extent of his injuries.
To assess (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
They assessed the cost of the flood damage at £2,500.
We need to assess whether the project is worth doing.
A college is going to assess a student’s ability based on grades.
Government officials assessed the flood damage in the millions of dollars.
Our agent will assess the value of your property.
To strengthen (verb)
Cambridge Dictionaryによると” to make something stronger or more effective, or to become stronger or more effective: ” と記載されていますね。
例文：
The bridge will need to be strengthened.
Exercise will strengthen your legs.
Doctors say his injured shoulder will take time to strengthen.
The tone of her voice strengthened suddenly.
His battle against cancer has strengthened his belief in God.
The concrete is strengthened with steel rods.
pick up (phrasal verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to improve “ と記載されていますね。
例文：
The truck picked up speed slowly.
To churn (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to move something such as a liquid around violently, or to move in this way “ というふうに記載されていますね。
例文：
A hurricane was churning up the bay.
the churning seas
The sea was churned up by heavy winds.
The water was churning and the boat was rocking.
The fish churned up the water when we threw them some food.
To surge (verb)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” to move forwards as a large mass very quickly “という風に記載されていますね。
例文：
The flood water surged down the little street.
The crowd surged onto the field after the game ended.
The crowd surged forward towards the police.
indication (noun)
Macmillan Dictionaryによると” a sign that something will happen, is true, or exists “ いう風に記載されていますね。
例文：
The size of the crowd is a clear indication of the strength of public feeling.
There are few indications (that) the economy is on an upswing.
最後に、内容が理解でき、新しい単語も知ることができたら、必ずCambridge Dictionaryか、Macmillan Dictionaryで例文を読むようにしてください。そして一番シンプルで、自分が日常使いしときやすそうなもをノートやスマホに書き溜めておいてください。そしてこれを移動中の時などに声に出して覚えることが本当に大事です！（電車では難しいので、僕はよく歩きますw）
これをしないと全然伸びていきません！
それではまた明日も更新していきます！
一緒に英語頑張りましょう！
また、英字新聞を読むメリットを僕なりにまとめましたので、時間がある方はこちらもみてみてくださいね！↓